Autumn 1

/ai/ ai, ay, a-e, a, eigh, ei, ea, ey

/ee/ ee, e-e, ie, ea, y, ey, e

/igh/ igh, i, i-e, ie, y

/oa/ oa, o-e, ow, oe, o

homophones and near-homophones suffixes

Autumn 2

/w/ w, wh /f/ f, ff, ph

long /oo/ oo, u-e, ou, ue, ew

/y+oo/ u, u-e, ue, ew

short /oo/ oo, u, oul

/ar/ ar, a, al

possessive apostrophes

suffixes

Spring 1

/or/ or, au, aw, al, ar, a

/or/ our, ore, oor, augh

/ur/ ur, er, ir, ear, or

/ou/ ou, ow

/oi/ oi, oy

contractions

suffixes

Spring 2

/eer/ ear, eer, ere

/air/ air, are, ear, ere

/s/ s, ss, c, se, ce, sc, st

/j/ j, g, dge, ge

homophones and near-homophones suffixes

Summer 1

/t/ t, tt, ed

/d/ d, dd, ed

/n/ n, nn, kn, gn

/m/ m, mm, mb

/k/ c, k, ck, ch

/r/ r, rr, wr

/l/ l, ll

/ul/ le, il, al, el

possessive apostrophes

suffixes

Summer 2

/i/ i, y

/o/ o, (w)a (qu)a

/e/ e, ea

/zh/ s, si, ge

/ch/ ch, tch

/ch+u/ ture

/sh/ sh, ch, ti, ci, ssi

contractions

suffixes